The study is published in "The Lancet" Madrid, February 15, 2008.
Increases in body mass index (BMI) increase the risk of several types of cancer, common and less common, according to a study by the University of Manchester and Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust 'in Manchester (UK) published in the journal 'The Lancet'.
This increased risk varies between the sexes and different ethnic groups depending on the type of cancer. The researchers conducted an analysis of previous studies of 221 datasets incorporating 282,137 cases to determine the risk of cancer associated with 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI.
The authors found that in men, a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI stood the risk of esophageal cancer by 52 percent, thyroid by 33 percent, and colon and kidney by 24 percent .
For women, the same increase in BMI increased the risk of endometrial and bladder cancers by 59 percent, esophagus by 51 percent and kidney by 34 percent.
Other weaker associations showed an increase in rectal cancer and melanoma in men: breast, pancreatic, thyroid and colon cancer in women, and leukemia, multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in both sexes.
The scientists also found that the associations were stronger in men than in women in the case of colon cancer, 24 versus 9 percent increase in risk. The associations were similar in studies from North America, Europe and Australia, and in the Asia-Pacific region but found a link between the even greater increase in BMI and breast cancers in the populations of the latter region.
The authors conclude that these data support the study of the biological mechanisms linking obesity to cancer.
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